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Lecture Notes (Link pending)
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| Instructor: Professor Michael Watts email: mwatts@berkeley.edu office phone: 642-3902 office: McCone 555 McCone office hours: TuTh 2:15-3:15 p.m. note: my hours tend to get full, so please make sure you sign up on a list available on my office door. |
Class Location: 2040 VLSB Class Time: TuTh 12:30-2 Course control number: 36475 Units: 4 |
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| Note: GSI office hours schedules are pending. GSI: Katy Guimond, Geography (working on environmental politics in east Africa) email: office phone: office: 20 Stephens Hall office hours: GSI: Rozy Fredericks, Geography (working on gender and empowerment in African cities) email: office phone: office: 20 Stephens Hall office hours: GSI: Larisa Kurtovic, Anthropology (working on violence, memory and development in the Balkans) email: office phone: office: 20 Stephens Hall office hours: |
Discussion Sections:
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| Course Content and Organization: Development is arguably one of the most important words in the English language. Its various meanings have changed over time but it has become a shorthand for a complex set of social, economic, political, cultural and institutional transformations over the last five hundred years. The reference point for these transformations is typically “the West” or the developed countries and the revolutionary changes in economic and political organization associated with Northwest Europe in the period after 1450. But the emergence of development understood as modernization and modernity centered on the capitalist and socialist states of the North Atlantic economies, witnessed the simultaneous creation of a Third World (conventionally called ‘the less developed countries’ (LDCs)) marked by mass poverty, human want and by low economic productivity (typically one key measure of development). The majority of the world’s population -- and the vast majority of the population added to the globe every year -- live in these developing and poor countries: in Asia, Africa and Latin America [and in parts of the former socialist bloc]. Development has come to mean expanded social organization and capitalist growth marked by the emergence of the nation state and the global market. In the recent past, however, one model of development -- socialism -- has in effect collapsed. Since 1989 and the fall of the Berlin wall, it is often assumed that development can only mean capitalist modernization of the Western sort. At the end of the 20th century, the division is less between capitalist and socialist states, as between the growing gulf between rich and poor nations. Since 1960, the growing globalization and integration of the world economy, and unprecedented forms of technological innovation and social integration, has seen a growing inequality between rich and poor nations and rich and poor people. While the Third World is sometimes said to have “ended” because (i) there is no “Second World” as such (the socialist bloc has collapsed), and (ii) there is a growing differentiation within the developing countries (the success of the east Asian industrial economies such as Taiwan), the brutal fact remains that according to the World Bank, there are (conservatively) 2 billion poor people in the world. Their plight is atrocious and the evidence suggests that in the current globalized world, the gap between them and the rich is likely to grow worse. One major purpose of this class is to explore the causes and character of poverty in the Third World, the nature of processes of exclusion operating in the world, and what might be done to alleviate mass poverty. The objectives of this class are twofold. First, to provide an historical analysis of the making of the Third World drawing upon detailed case studies of Africa, Asia, Latin America and India. The second is to examine some of the most important and influential theoretical ideas and intellectual traditions which seek to explain the historical origins of and the contemporary development problems which confront the Third World. |
| Texts amd Required Reading Materials: The following books are available at Ned’s and ASUC on Bancroft: Required: Mike Davis, Planet of the Slums, Verso, 2005 Toby Shelley, Oil, Zed Books, 2005 Tim Allen (ed)., Poverty and Development, Oxford University Press, 2000. El Fisgon, How to Succeed at Globalization, Metropolitan Books, 2002 Marc Edelman and Angelique Haugerud (eds)., The Anthropology of Development and Globalization, Blackwell, 2004. Optional: The World Bank Atlas, The World Bank, Washington DC, 2005. Reserve: The following books are on 2 our reserve in the Earth Sciences and Map Library in the basement of McCone Hall: Ben Crow et al., (eds)., Poverty and Development. Oxford University Press, 2000. Henry Bernstein et al., (eds)., Rural Livelihoods, Oxford University Press, 1992. Tom Hewitt et al (eds)., Industrialization and Development. Oxford University Press, 1992. World Development Report: 2005, The World Bank, Washington D.C., Oxford University Press Social Indicators of Development, The World Bank, Washington D.C., Oxford University Press, 2005. Human Development Report, United Nations Development Program. London: Oxford University Press, |
| Course Requirements: Everyone is expected to come to lectures prepared to respond to questions raised in the readings, in the sections and in the lectures. ENROLLMENT IN A SECTION IS MANDATORY IN ORDER TO TAKE THIS CLASS. In addition, everyone is required to participate in section discussions. Participation in sections and lectures means reading and coming prepared. PLEASE SIGN UP FOR DISCUSSION SECTIONS. THERE ARE SIGN UP SHEETS OUTSIDE MY OFFICE DOOR. NO MORE THAN 30 STUDENTS PER SECTION. There are three requirements for this class: 1. Discussion Section Work: this will include section participation and attendance, and THREE section exercises [to be discussed in the sections]. 30% of the total grade. 2. A Mid-Term Examination: to be held in class on Thursday October 26th [to be discussed in class]. 25% of the total grade. 3. A Take-Home Final Examination: which will be handed out in class on Thursday December 7th and due on December 14th [the details of the exam are to be discussed in class]. 45% of the total grade. |
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DS 10: Introduction to Development Studies
* Readings indicate the key (i.e. indispensable) reading for the Week. ALL readings should however be read during the course of the semester. |
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PART I: THE STATE OF DEVELOPMENT IN A GLOBALIZED WORLD |
| Week 1 [August 28th] What is the Current State of the Third World and its Relation to a Global Economy? * UNDP, Human Development Report 2005, Chapters 1, 2 and 3 (http://hdr.undp.org/reports/global/2005/ |
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PART II: MEANINGS, MEASURES AND REPRESENTATIONS |
| Week 2 [September 4th] What is Development, How is it Measured and How is the Developing World Represented? * Stuart Hall, The West and the Rest, in Stuart Hall, Formations of Modernity, Polity 1992. (Reader). Robert Kaplan, The Coming Anarchy, The Atlantic Monthly 1994, (Reader). Alan Thomas, Chapter 2 Poverty and Development, (text). UNDP, Human Development Report, 1997 Chapter 1 (http://hdr.undp.org/reports/global/1997/) Timothy Mitchell, The object of development, Rule of Experts, 2000 (Reader) |
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PART III: MAKINGS AND MODELS |
| Week 3 [September 11th] The West, Imperialism and the Genesis of the World System: Colonial regimes and Their Legacies. * H. Bernstein et al., Colonialism, Capitalism and Development, Chapter 11 in Poverty and Development (text). Chapters 1, 2 and 3, in Marc Edelman and Angelique Haugerud (eds)., The Anthropology of Development and Globalization. Blackwell (text). * David Potter, The power of colonial states, Chapter 12 in Poverty and Development (text). |
| Week 4 [September 18th] Decolonization, Nationalism, and the Development Project * Ben Crow, Henry Bernstein et al: Variations of Development, in Third World Development 1985 (Reader). Andy Kilminster, Socialist models of Development, Chapter 14 in Poverty and Development (text). * Frederick Cooper and Randall Packard, (chapter 6) and James Ferguson (chapter 7) in Marc Edelman and Angelique Haugerud (eds)., The Anthropology of Development and Globalization. Blackwell (text). Tim Allen, Agencies of Development, Chapter 9 in Poverty and Development (text). |
| Week 5. [September 25th] Neoliberalism and the Rule of the Market * John Harris, The second great transformation, Chapter 15, Poverty and Development, (text). * Karl Polanyi, The self regulating market in Marc Edelman and Angelique Haugerud (eds)., The Anthropology of Development and Globalization. Blackwell (text). * Jean and John Comaroff, Millenial Capitalism (chapter 11), Marc Edelman and Angelique Haugerud (eds)., The Anthropology of Development and Globalization. Blackwell (text). Chapters 9 (Graeber) and 10 (Sassen), in Marc Edelman and Angelique Haugerud (eds)., The Anthropology of Development and Globalization. Blackwell (text). |
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PART IV: REGIONS AND TRAJECTORIES |
| Week 6 [October 2nd] The Late Industrializers and Asian Economic Miracles * Bruce Cumings, The Origins and Development of Northeast Asia, in Fred Deyo (ed)., The Political Economy of New Asian Industrialisation, Cornell University Press, 1987, pp.44-83 (Reader). * Manuel Castells, The End of the Millennium 1998 (Reader). Paul Theroux, Going to see the dragons, Harpers, 1995 (Reader) Jean Oi, 1992, Fiscal Reform and the Economic Foundations of Local State Corporatism in China, World Politics, Vol. 45, No. 1 (October 1992), pp. 99-126 (reader). Tim Allen and Jo Chattaway, Prospects and Dilemmas for Industrializing Nations. Chapter 24 in Poverty and Development (text). Optional: Global Contagion, New York Times, 1999 (Reader) India's Decade of Development By Jeffery Sachs and Nirupam Bajpai http://www2.cid.harvard.edu/cidwp/046.pdf China, India Superpower? Not so Fast! By Pranab Bardan http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/display.article?id=6407 The Myth Behind China's Miracle George J. Gilboy http://www.foreignaffairs.org/20040701faessay83405/george-j-gilboy/the-myth-behind-china-s-miracle.html |
| Week 7 [October 9th] Crisis and Underdevelopment in Africa Commission for Africa http://www.commissionforafrica.org/english/home/newsstories.html Read Part 1. * Michael Watts, The scramble for Africa, Monthly Review, 2006. (Reader and also class website) * Achille Mbembe, At the edge of the world, Public Culture 12/1, 2000 (Reader) Optional: Council on Foreign Relations Africa Task Force http://www.cfr.org/publication/9302/more_than_humanitarianism.html. Read chapter 1-27 |
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PART V: COMMODITIES, RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT |
| Week 8 [October 16th] Oil: Resources, Conflict and Development Toby Shelley, Oil: Politics Poverty and the Planet, London, Zed, 2005, chapters 1, 2 and 3. (text) Optional: Bottom of the Barrel: Africa’s oil boom and the poor, Catholic Relief Services, 2002, http://www.crs.org/get_involved/advocacy/policy_and_strategic_issues/oil_report_one.cfm NOTE: MID TERM IN CLASS THURSDAY OCTOBER 26th |
| Week 9 [October 23rd] The Shirt: A Commodity Biography? * Gary Gereffi, Global Production Systems and Third World Development, in B. Stallings (ed)., Global Change, Regional Response (Reader). * Jane Collins (chapter 18) in Marc Edelman and Angelique Haugerud (eds)., The Anthropology of Development and Globalization. Blackwell (text). M. Petrovic and G. Hamilton, Making Global markets, in N. Lichenstein (ed)., WAL-MART, New Press, 2006 (Reader). Optional: Offside! Labor Rights and Sportswear production in Asia http://www.oxfam.org/en/files/offside_labor_report/download |
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PART VI: TRANSITIONS |
| Week 10 [October 30th] Demographic Transitions * Amartya Sen, Population: Delusion and Reality, New York Review of Books (NYRB) 1995 (Reader and class website). * Amartya Sen, More than 100 million women are missing, NYRB 1990, (Reader and class website). Tom Hewitt and Ines Smyth, Is the world overpopulated, Chapter 6. Poverty and Development (text). For China population policies see: Five decades of missing females in China – Ansley Coale http://www.jstor.org/view/0003049x/ap030557/03a00020/0 Growing sex imbalance shocks China http://www.guardian.co.uk/international/story/0,3604,714412,00.html |
| Week 11 [November 6th] Hunger, and Health, Food Security * Ben Crow, Understanding famine and Hunger, Chapter 3, Poverty and Development (text). Gordon Wilson and Melissa Parker, Diseases of Poverty, Chapter 4. Poverty and Development (text). * Paul Farmer, The consumption of the poor, in Infections and Inequalities, UC Press, 1999 (Reader). Les Levidow et al., Genetic engineering of development, Chapter 22. Poverty and Development (text). Optional: The State of Food Security in the World, UNFAO 2005 (class website) Causing Hunger (OXFAM, 2006) http://www.oxfam.org/en/files/bp91_africa_food_crisis/download |
| Week 12 [November 13th] Planet of the Slums * Mike Davis, Planet of the Slums, London, 2005 (text), chapters 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8. Jo Beale, Life in the Cities, Chapter 20. In Poverty and Development (text). |
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THANKSGIVING BREAK ON NOVEMBER 23-24th
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| Week 13 [November 20th] Environmental Transitions: Sustainability and Green Governance * Susanna Hecht, Environment, Development, Politics, in S. Corbridge (ed)., The Development Studies Reader. (Reader and class website). Susanna Hecht, Soybeans development and conservation, Development and Change, 2005, 36/2 (Reader and class website) Phil Wodehouse, Environmental degradation and Sustainability, Chapter 7 in Poverty and Development (text). Chapter 20 (Peluso), 21 (Leach) and 22 (Cunningham), in M.Edelman and A. Haugerud (eds)., The Anthropology of Development and Globalization (text) * Mike Davis, Planet of the Slums, London, 2005 (text), chapter 6. Optional (on global climate change and Three Gorges dam project); El Niño and its health impact http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs192/en/ Effects of climate change on global food production under SRES emissions and socio-economic scenarios http://www.undp.org/gef/adaptation/docs/foodproduction.pdf Dam building, Dissent and Development http://www.nzasia.org.nz/journal/NZJAS-back-issues/NZJAS-June02/Beattie.pdf Three Gorges dam: Fact box http://www.threegorgesprobe.org/TgP/index.cfm?DSP=content&ContentID=15281 |
| Week 14 [November 27th] Political Transitions: Democracy, Empowerment and Development * David Potter, Democratization, Participation and Good Governance, Chapter 17 in Poverty and Development (text). * Ruth Pearson, rethinking gender matters in development, chapter 18. Poverty and Development (text). Tim Allen and John Eade, The new politics of identity, Chapter 23. Poverty and Development (text). Tim Allen, A World at War, Chapter 8. Poverty and Development (text). |
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PART VII: GLOBALIZATION AND ALTERNATIVES |
| Week 15 [December 4th] Globalization and Its Alternatives * Chapters 26 (Escobar), 27 (Gardner and Lewis, 28 (Isichei), and 29 (Franke and Chasin) in in M.Edelman and A. Haugerud (eds)., The Anthropology of Development and Globalization (text) Optional: The World Social Forum as Open Space http://www.kinimata.gr/pagosmio_k_k/8pagosmio-k-forum-wsf/wsf_as_an_open_space_whitaker2.pdf The World Social Forum and the challenges of global democracy http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/doi/10.1111/j.1471-0374.2004.00102.x/pdf?cookieSet=1 |
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FINAL EXAM: The Take-home FINAL EXAM will be distributed in class on DECEMBER 7. |
| The FINAL EXAM is DUE on DECEMBER 14 in the GEOGRAPHY DEPARTMENT MAIN OFFICE in McCONE HALL, ROOM 507. |